United Nation

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The United Nations' system is based on five principal organs: the General Assembly, the Security Council, theEconomic and Social Council (ECOSOC), the Secretariat, and the International Court of Justice.^[11] A sixth principal organ, the Trusteeship Council, suspended operations in 1994, upon the independence of Palau, the last remaining UN trustee territory.^[12]

Four of the five principal organs are located at the main UN Headquarters in New York City.^[13] TheInternational Court of Justice is located in The Hague, while other major agencies are based in the UN offices at Geneva,^[14] Vienna,^[15] and Nairobi.^[16] Other UN institutions are located throughout the world.

The six official languages of the United Nations, used in intergovernmental meetings and documents, are Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian, and Spanish.^[2] 

The United Nations (UN; French: Organisation des Nations Unies, ONU) is anintergovernmental organization whose stated aims include promoting and facilitating cooperation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress, human rights, civil rights, civil liberties, political freedoms, democracy, and the achievement of lasting world peace. The UN was founded in 1945 after World War II to replace the League of Nations, to stop wars between countries, and to provide a platform for dialogue. It contains multiple subsidiary organizations to carry out its missions.

At its founding, the UN had 51 member states; there are now 193

Flag	Emblem

The organization has six principal organs:

The General Assembly (the main deliberative assembly); 

• theSecurity Council (for deciding certain resolutions for peace and security); 
• the Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) (for assisting in promoting international economic and social cooperation and development);
•  theSecretariat (for providing studies, information, and facilities needed by the UN);
•  the International Court of Justice (the primary judicial organ); 
• The United Nations Trusteeship Council (which is currently inactive). 

Prominent UN System agencies include the World Health Organization (WHO), 

The World Food Programme (WFP) and United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF).

The UN's most prominent officer is the Secretary-General, an office held by Ban Ki-moon of South Korea since 2007.

Non-governmental organizations may be granted consultative status with ECOSOC and other agencies to participate in the UN's work.

Organizations and specialized agencies of the United Nations

No.	Acronyms	Logo	Agency	Headquarters	Head	Established in
1	FAO		Food and Agriculture Organization	Rome, Italy	José Graziano da Silva	1945
2	IAEA		International Atomic Energy Agency	Vienna, Austria	Yukiya Amano	1957
3	ICAO		International Civil Aviation Organization	Montreal, Canada	Raymond Benjamin	1947
4	IFAD		International Fund for Agricultural Development	Rome, Italy	Kanayo F. Nwanze	1977
5	ILO		International Labour Organization	Geneva, Switzerland	Guy Ryder	1946 (1919)
6	IMO		International Maritime Organization	London, United Kingdom	Koji Sekimizu	1948
7	IMF		International Monetary Fund	Washington, D.C., USA	Christine Lagarde	1945 (1944)
8	ITU		International Telecommunication Union	Geneva, Switzerland	Hamadoun Touré	1947 (1865)
9	UNESCO		United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization	Paris, France	Irina Bokova	1946
10	UNIDO		United Nations Industrial Development Organization	Vienna, Austria	Kandeh Yumkella	1967
11	UNWTO		World Tourism Organization	Madrid, Spain	Taleb Rifai	1974
12	UPU		Universal Postal Union	Bern, Switzerland	Édouard Dayan	1947 (1874)
13	WB		World Bank Group	Washington, D.C., USA	Jim Yong Kim	1945 (1944)
14	WFP		World Food Programme	Rome, Italy	Ertharin Cousin	1963
15	WHO		World Health Organization	Geneva, Switzerland	Margaret Chan	1948
16	WIPO		World Intellectual Property Organization	Geneva, Switzerland	Francis Gurry	1974
17	WMO		World Meteorological Organization	Geneva, Switzerland	David Grimes / Michel Jarraud	1950 (1873)

Headquarters		International territory in New York City, U.S.
Official languages		Arabic   English French Mandarin Russian   Spanish
Membership		193 member states 2 observer states
Leaders
-	Secretary-General	Ban Ki-moon
-	Deputy Secretary-General	Jan Eliasson
-	General Assembly President	John William Ashe
-	Security Council President	Agshin Mehdiyev
Establishment
-	United Nations Charter signed	26 June 1945
-	Entry into force of Charter	24 October 1945

General Assembly

Main article: United Nations General Assembly

The General Assembly is the main deliberative assembly of the United Nations. Composed of all United Nations member states, the assembly meets in regular yearly sessions under a president elected from among the member states. 

Security Council

Main article: United Nations Security Council

The Security Council is charged with maintaining peace and security among countries.

Secretariat

The United Nations Secretariat Building at the United Nations Headquarters in New York City.

The United Nations Secretariat is headed by the Secretary-General, assisted by a staff of international civil servants worldwide. It provides studies, information, and facilities needed by United Nations bodies for their meetings.

Secretary-General

The current Secretary-General, Ban Ki-moon

The Secretariat is headed by the Secretary-General, who acts as the de facto spokesperson and leader of the UN. The current Secretary-General is Ban Ki-moon, who took over from Kofi Annan in 2007 and has been elected for a second term to conclude at the end of 2016.^[21]

International Court of Justice

The International Court of Justice (ICJ), located in The Hague, in the Netherlands, is the primary judicial organ of the United Nations. Established in 1945 by the United Nations Charter, the Court began work in 1946 as the successor to the Permanent Court of International Justice. 

Economic and Social Council

The Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) assists the General Assembly in promoting international economic and social cooperation and development. ECOSOC has 54 members, all of which are elected by the General Assembly for a three-year term. 

Headquartered at Geneva: 

• ECE – Economic Commission for Europe
• IBE – International Bureau of Education
• ICC – International Computing Centre
• ILO – International Labour Organization
• ITC – International Trade Centre
• ITU – International Telecommunication Union
• JIU – Joint Inspection Unit
• OCHA – Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
• UNAIDS – Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS
• UNHCHR – Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
• UNHCR – Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
• UNCC – United Nations Compensation Commission
• UNCTAD – United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
• UNIDIR – United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research
• UNITAR – United Nations Institute for Training and Research
• NGLS – United Nations Non-Governmental Liaison Service
• UNOPS – United Nations Office for Project Services
• UNOSDP – United Nations Office on Sport for Development and Peace
• UNFPA – United Nations Population Fund
• UNRWA – United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near-East
• UNRISD – United Nations Research Institute for Social Development
• CEB – United Nations System Chief Executives Board for Coordination
• UNV – United Nations Volunteers Programme
• WHO – World Health Organization
• WIPO – World Intellectual Property Organization
• WMO – World Meteorological Organization

Presence at Geneva:

• IAEA – International Atomic Energy Agency (Headquarters are in Vienna)
• UNEP – United Nations Environment Programme (Headquarters are in Nairobi)
• UNESCO – United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (Headquarters are in Paris)
• UNIDO – United Nations Industrial Development Organization (Headquarters are in Vienna)
• WFP – WFP Geneva Liaison Office (headquarters are in Rome)

Principal organs of the United Nations ^[7]

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UN General Assembly - Deliberative assembly of all UN member states (each country has one vote) -		UN Secretariat - Administrative organ of the UN - its chairman is the UN Secretary General -		International Court of Justice - Universal court for international law (based in The Hague) -
may resolve non-compulsory recommendations to states, or suggestions to the UNSC (not aParliament) decides on the admission of new members, on proposal of the UNSC adopts the budget elects the non-permanent members of the UNSC, all members of ECOSOC, on the proposal of the UNSC the UN Secretary General, and the 15 judges of the ICJ		supports the other UN bodiesadministratively, e.g. in the organization of conferences, writing reports and studies, and the preparation of the budget-plan its chairperson - the UN Secretary General - is elected by the UN General Assembly for a five-year mandate and is the most important representative of the UN Outside its headquarters in New York City, the organization has three main offices in Geneva, Nairobi, and Vienna.		decides disputes between states that recognize its jurisdiction and createslegal opinions the 15 judges are elected by the UN General Assembly for nine years. It renders judgement with relative majority. parties on the ICJ can only be countries, however no international organizationsand other subjects of international law(not to be confused with the ICC)
UN Security Council - For international security issues -	UN Economic and Social Council - For global economical and social affairs -	UN Trusteeship Council - Was administering trust territories (currently not active) -
responsible for the maintenance ofinternational peace and security the most powerful organ of the UN, as it may adopt compulsory resolutions its decisions include peacekeeping- andpeace enforcement-missions, as well as non-military pressure mediums, such as trade embargos has 15 members: five permanent members with veto power, and tenelected members	responsible for cooperation between states on economic and social fields (raising the general standard of living, solve economic, social and health problems, promotion of human rights, culture and education, as well ashumanitarian aid) therefore it has established numerous functional and regional commissions also coordinates the cooperation with the numerous specialized agencies of the United Nations has 54 members, who are elected by theUN General Assembly to serve staggered three-year mandates	was originally designed to manage colonial possessions that were earlierLeague of Nations mandates is inactive since 1994, with the last trust territory (Palau) attaining independence in 1994